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Высокие, почти целиком высохшие деревья, с толстыми, как бивни слона, ветками, одиноко возвышаются над сухими участками каменистых рельефов, на поверхности которых не прореживается ни одной травинки. И по таким местам, как и много столетий назад, редкие кочевники, среди которых чаще всего встречаются арабы и туареги, перегоняют свои стада в поисках воды и пищи.
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Несмотря на опасность, которую таят в себе земли Мали и слабо развитую туристическую инфраструктуру, есть немало путешественников, которые с удовольствием посещают эту удивительную по своим природным особенностям страну. Конечно, в отсутствие нормальных дорог, высококачественных гостиниц, европейского сервиса, и многих характерных для благополучных мировых держав, удобств, перемещение по стране будет несколько затруднено, но в этом и состоит определённый драйв для путешественника и настоящего ценителя приключений. Ведь Мали – это не фешенебельный курорт, не волшебный рай на берегах Средиземного моря, а довольно суровая земля, чтобы увидеть которую и оценить всё её великолепие, надо преодолеть сложный путь, пройдя через серьёзные испытания климатом и прочие трудности.
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The state of Mali is located in the Western Africa, between the Sahara Desert and two greatest rivers of the dark continent, Niger and Senegal. The territory of the country is covered with shrouds, stony and pebble deserts, the rivers, lakes and the woods which prevail in northern part of the republic. The population of Mali increases every year with a new force, but considering problems, traditional for Africa, with health care, grows as well infantile mortality. Average life expectancy in the state one of the lowest on the dark continent – only 52 years. Every year the statistics of people of the dead from HIV infections and stings of snakes and insects increases. High unemployment rate provokes mass outflow of local population to the safe countries of Europe. The economy of the republic is based on agriculture, cattle breeding and sale of cotton, in combination with the textile industry. After finding of independence in 1960, military coups which didn't promote economic stability but only implanted crisis in the state were several times carried out to Mali.
The capital of the republic is Bamako. This city is located on river banks Niger and comes from the word of "Bam" which in translation from one of languages of the local tribes living here once is meant by "crocodile". By the way this animal is represented on a municipal coat of arms. Thanks to the capital status, Bamako, attracts on the coast considerable part of the population of the country from the province. Here look for work many Malian families which arrived to the capital in hope somehow to correct the unenviable financial position. Annually becomes more increasing than such families in the territory of the city. As the majority of them are having many children, it provokes increase in total of people and as a result, problems with transport system, drinking water, residences and other social and living conditions of existence. Bamako is on both sides of the river Niger through which two bridges providing free transport connection between two coast are laid. Also near the capital the international airport settles down, and in the territory of the city the railroad connecting Bamako with other regions of the republic and the next Senegal functions.
Such cities of Mali as Gao, Duentsa, Timbuktu, have rich history and are peculiar historical values of the state. From time immemorial the coast of Niger was occupied by tribes of "dogon", stay which traces, remained in these parts still. However, these tribes exist and today, and their ritual holidays bring a certain color in culture of the western region of the African continent. It is possible to find the mosques which are filled up with "time sand", ancient houses and half-ruined fortresses relating to absolutely ancient eras in many historical regions of the country. From "civilized" excursions which are offered tourists as entertainment program, to Mali river walks across Niger by motor ship enjoy special popularity. Survey of local sights from water really represents a refined show, considering a variety of landscapes and that beauty of the changing landscapes which opens to a look on the course of this unique travel.
The nature of Mali is surprising and unusual, as well as the climatic conditions prevailing in this region of the Western Africa. In some regions of the country, and in particular in that area where the most majestic sandy desert in the world set in, Sahara, rains sometimes don't happen for years, and the blue sky is crystal keeps over sand with enviable constancy. Average annual temperature in Mali one of the highest on the planet. For all year air remains heated-up from +28 to +40 degrees, depending on territorial location. In desert regions, in the afternoon, it is visible as air vibrates under heating from sunshine. Rainfall in this part of Africa drops out seldom, generally near the coast of Niger, just where the majority of agricultural grounds is concentrated.
The high, almost entirely dried trees, with thick as tusks of an elephant, branches, alone tower over dry sites of stony reliefs on which surface it isn't thinned out any blade. And in such places, as well as there are a lot of centuries back, rare nomads among whom Arabs and Tuaregs most often meet, overtake the herds in search of water and food.
Despite hot climate and limited amount of moisture, in Mali quite various fauna. Here giraffes, antelopes, gazelles, ostriches, mongooses, leopards and other large animals live. Besides in the territory of the republic there is a set of different types of birds, reptiles and reptiles. Big danger is constituted by marshy sites of forests, in areas of the rivers and lakes where besides numerous snakes and crocodiles large mosquitoes and life-threatening and health of the person, insects live.
Despite danger which is concealed in themselves the earth of Mali and poorly developed tourist infrastructure, there are many travelers who with pleasure visit this country, amazing on the natural features. Of course, for lack of normal roads, high-quality hotels, the European service, and many characteristic for safe world powers, conveniences, movement will be about the country a little complicated, but in it and a certain drive for the traveler and the real judge of adventures consists. After all Mali is not the luxurious resort, not magic paradise on coast of the Mediterranean Sea, and quite severe earth to see which and to estimate all its magnificence, it is necessary to overcome a difficult way, having passed through serious tests by climate and other difficulties.