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Наиболее важной отраслью экономики страны является сельское хозяйство.
Здесь выращивают рис, кукурузу, батат и фасоль; главными экспортными
культурами являются сахарный тростник, цитрусовые, бананы, табак и кофе.
Важную роль в экономике играет речное и морское рыболовство. В стране
имеются месторождения нефти, в небольших количествах добываются бокситы и
золото; развита пищевая промышленность. В стране все большее внимание
уделяется туризму. В настоящее время прекрасные пляжи и коралловые рифы
Белиза посещают около 400 тысяч человек в год; приезжают сюда в основном
из Гватемалы, США и Мексики.
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The most part of a surface of Belize is occupied with the boggy plain - only in the southwest of the country the mountain chain Maya towers, reaching the maximum height of 1120 m above sea level. Steep mountain ledges separate lowlands of east coast from plains of northern part of the country. In mountains of Maya six rivers which flow through plains to the east - to the Caribbean Sea originate; the greatest of them - Belize and Rio-Ondo.
Belize is located in a zone of humid equatorial climate. In the north of the state temperature during almost whole year remains at one level and averages 27 degrees With; in the south average temperature goes down to 21 degrees With in the winter, and keeps at the level of 27 degrees of Page in the summer. For climate of this zone accurately expressed season of rains is characteristic. The annual sum of rainfall makes more than 2000 mm, and their most part drops out in the south of the country. From September to December hurricanes often fall upon the coast; other natural disaster, especially on the southern coast of Belize, floods are.
Nearly a half of a surface of the country - mainly the South and mountainous areas - occupy dense damp equatorial forests where, in particular, grow valuable breeds of trees. In the north the grassy vegetation prevails, and along coasts mangrove thickets last. The fauna of Belize is extraordinary rich: jaguars, tapirs, numerous species of monkeys, birds and insects live in the woods, on the savannovykh plains pumas, and are found in the rivers - crocodiles. Also the world of coastal waters differs in remarkable diversity. Here the most rare representative of a species of sea cows - the American manatee meets.
Autochthonic inhabitants of Belize - Indians, descendants of the people of the Maya - were almost completely exterminated. Now they make only 11% of the population, prevail in which metises and Creoles. Besides, there live sambos - descendants of mixed marriages of Indians and Blacks, and also a set of other ethnic and racial groups.
The most important branch of national economy is the agriculture. Here grow up rice, corn, sweet potato and haricot; the main export cultures are the sugar cane, a citrus, bananas, tobacco and coffee. An important role in economy is played by river and sea fishery. In the country there are oil fields, in small amounts bauxites and gold are extracted; the food industry is developed. In the country the increasing attention is paid to tourism. Now fine beaches and coral reeves of Belize are visited by about 400 thousand people a year; there come here generally from Guatemala, the USA and Mexico.
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